Topic 1: Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) and Individual Criminal Responsibility

Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS) are systems which, once activated by a human, can identify, select and engage targets with lethal force without further human intervention. While systems incorporating rudimentary autonomous functions - such as landmines and loitering munitions systems (LMS) - have existed for decades, recent technological advancements, especially in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), have accelerated the creation of LAWS, making their use more widespread. This poses significant questions for international law related to criminal liability for international crimes committed by or using LAWS.

As in any criminal law system, international crimes require an individual to have acted with intent or negligence to

Consider how LAWS have been legally regulated in the past: the Ottawa Convention, for example, prohibited the use of anti-personnel mines because they are indiscriminate - meaning they do not distinguish between civilians and military personnel. What legal argument

The ‘accountability gap’ is also a current issue of existing legal frameworks. Currently, if an international crime is committed using a LAWS, without a clear human

Topic 2: The Definition, Scope and Application of the Immunity of State Officials from Prosecution for Serious International Crimes under Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction

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